一、under 用来指示一个比较低的位置,意为“在(或到、通过)…下面”,例如:
Have you looked under the bed?
你看了床底下没有?
She placed the ladder under the window.
她把梯子立在窗户下面。
The dog squeezed under the gate and ran into the road.
狗从门底下钻出去,跑到大路上去了。
He hid under the bed.
他躲在床底下。
They stood under a tree to avoid getting wet.
他们站在树下以免淋湿。
二、under 用来表示在某物表面下,通常是被某物覆盖或紧贴着某物,意为“在…表面下”,例如:
She was holding a folder under her arm.
她腋下夹着一个文件夹。
Because I'm a bad swimmer, I often go under and swallow a lot of water.
因为我游泳游得不好,我经常下到水里并吞很多水。
In AD 79 the city of Pompei was buried under a layer of ash seven metres deep.
公元79年,庞贝城被埋在一层7米深的灰烬之下。
She put the thermometer under my tongue.
她把温度计放在我舌头底下。
She used to hide her diary under her pillow.
她过去常常把日记藏在枕头下面。
They found the body buried under a pile of leaves.
他们发现尸体被埋在一堆树叶下面。
My sister was hidden under several layers of blankets.
我妹妹藏在几层毯子下面。
The main fields are under wheat.
主要的田地被小麦覆盖。
三、under 用来表示如果一本书,一篇文章或一条信息在某个特殊的标题或属于某个归类下,那么它们就可以在该标题下被找到,或是按这个标题在清单或是图书馆中被找到,例如:
If it's not under ‘sports’, try looking under ‘games’.
如果在“体育运动”项下查不到,就试试“游戏”项吧。
Books on Ansel Adams will probably be under Art or Photography.
关于安塞尔·亚当斯的书可能会被归入艺术或摄影类。
四、under 用来表示数量少于某个数字,相当于 less than,意为”少于,小于,不足“;或表示年龄小于某个岁数,相当于 younger than,意为”比…年轻“,例如:
All items cost/are under a pound.
所有物品的价格都在一英镑以下。
The discount applies only to children under ten.
折扣只适用于十岁以下的儿童。
If you get under 50 percent, you fail the exam.
如果你不到50%,你考试就不及格。
五、under 用来表示在什么的影响下发生的事情或结果,意为”由…造成,受…影响“,例如:
The wall collapsed under the strain.
墙壁因承受不了重压而坍塌了。
Now that the deadline is approaching we all feel under pressure.
现在最后期限快到了,我们都感到有压力。
The chair broke under his weight.
椅子在他的重压下坏了。
The work was completed under very difficult conditions.
这项工作是在非常困难的条件下完成的。
六、under 用来表示依据,意为”根据,按照“,例如:
Under the current rules, you need the agreement of at least 6 out of 10 committee members.
根据目前的规则,你需要得到至少6/10委员会成员的同意。
Under the terms of the lease you had no right to sublet the property.
按租约条款的规定,你无权转租这房产。
Is the television still under guarantee?
这台电视机还在保修期内吗?
七、under 用来表示处于某个过程,意为”在…过程中“,例如:
The town is under fire from the air.
这座城镇受到空中的炮火袭击。
The patient is being kept under heavy sedation.
这个病人正在服大量镇静剂。
She'll have to go under anaesthetic for the operation.
她得接受麻醉才能做手术。
The proposals are now under consideration by the Board of Governors.
董事会正在审议这些提议。
The situation is still not under control.
局势仍未得到控制。
八、under 用来表示在什么命令或指令下,意为”在…指令或命令下“,例如:
They're under strict orders not to discuss the situation.
他们接到严格的命令,不许讨论这个情况。
He's under doctor's orders to cut down on fatty food and to drink no alcohol for at least six months.
医生命令他减少高脂肪食物,至少六个月内不喝酒。
九、under 用来表示在某人或某个组织下,意为”由…控制(或管理,经营,统治)”,例如:
He's a Colonel, with hundreds of soldiers under him.
他是上校,手下有数百名士兵。
The country is now under martial law.
这个国家目前在戒严中。
The coinage was reformed under Elizabeth I .
英国币制在伊丽莎白一世时代作了改革。
She has a staff of 19 working under her.
她手下有19个职员工作。
I wonder what Britain was like under the Romans.
我想知道罗马人统治下的英国是什么样的。
十、under 用来表示使用一个特殊的名词,通常不是真实的名词,意为“用,以(某一名字)”,例如:
He writes under the name John le Carré.
他以约翰·勒卡尔的名义写作。
For his own safety, he has to operate under a false name/an alias.
为了自己的安全,他不得不用假名/化名做手术。
十一、under 用于复合词中,表示做得不够或低于某个标准,例如:
undercooked potatoes
未煮熟的土豆
underprivileged children
贫困儿童
We're all overworked and underpaid.
我们都工作过度,工资低。
His boss says he's under-performing at work.
他的老板说他工作表现欠佳。
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